Vowels with Consonants
In Vietnamese, syllables can be created by combining main vowels (a, ă, â, e, ê, o, ô, ơ, i, y, u, ư) with final consonants (c, ch, m, n, ng, nh, p, t). This table showcases common syllable structures to aid your learning.
Syllable Formation Table
When we combine the main vowels with final consonants, we get the following common syllables:
| c | ch | m | n | ng | nh | p | t | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | ac | ach | am | an | ang | anh | ap | at |
| ă | ăc | ăm | ăn | ăng | ăp | ăt | ||
| â | âc | âm | ân | âng | âp | ât | ||
| e | ec | em | en | eng | ep | et | ||
| ê | êch | êm | ên | ênh | êp | êt | ||
| o | oc | om | on | ong | op | ot | ||
| ô | ôc | ôm | ôn | ông | ôp | ôt | ||
| ơ | ơm | ơn | ơp | ơt | ||||
| i | ich | im | in | inh | ip | it | ||
| y | ||||||||
| u | uc | um | un | ung | up | ut | ||
| ư | ưc | ưm | ưn | ưng | ưt |
Note: Empty cells or shaded areas indicate combinations that are not commonly used or valid in standard Vietnamese. Focus on the filled cells for practice.
How to Use This Table
- Rows represent the main vowels.
- Columns represent the final consonants.
- Each cell shows a valid syllable (e.g., a + n = an, as in ban meaning “friend”).
- Practice pronouncing each syllable, keeping in mind Vietnamese tones (e.g., an vs. án).
Pronunciation Tips
- Final Consonants: The sounds c, ch, p, and t are unreleased stops, meaning they end abruptly without a puff of air.
- Tone Application: Add tones to these syllables (e.g., high rising, low falling) to change meanings (e.g., an vs. ạn).
Common rhymes with pictures
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